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Clement Tan

Location: Washington DC, United States

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The dizzying lows of Singapore's political spin

The dizzying lows of Singapore's political spin
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Oct. 31 2009 - 01:44 pm
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I am very disturbed by what the Singapore Law Minister said to participants attending the New York State Bar Association International Section meeting in Singapore on Wednesday. At least with Lee Kuan Yew and members of the older guard, I knew what I could expect from them- whether or not I actually agree with them, is another issue. But with K. Shanmugan, part of the newer generation of Singaporean political leaders, I'm not even sure if he actually believes, connects and knows what he's arguing for.

You can download the pdf transcript of Shanmugan's responses to questions here, but please note that StraitsTimes.com takes things off their free breaking-news site after a while. The Straits Times' report on the event is here. But here are three quick points of my objections:

  1. His shocking invocation of how Singapore deviates from the democratic norm because it is a city, and not a country: Shanmugan tries to legitimize the Singapore political condition by drawing parallels with big-city politics in America. He quotes American libertarian (read: usually right-wing, conservative) economist, Bryan Caplan: "big city politics (in the US) is often about as lopsided as Singaporean politics...Democratic mayors have won without interruption since 1931 in Chicago and 1964 in San Francisco. While the Democrats have failed to monopolise the mayor’s office in New York City, they have near-PAP dominance of the New York City Council: Democrats hold 45 out of 48 occupied seats.”

    The question to ask next is "why is this so?" - instead Caplan glosses over this question and the empirical and historical differences between the different cities and cases, proceeding to conclude that if using the argument that Singapore politics is sub-national and since sub-national democratic policies are often one-sided, it would explain away the undemocratic substance of its politics. The logic here is as tautological as saying something like "rich people are rich because they have money." Also, the problem is, whether Shanmugan likes it or not, Singapore is both a city and a sovereign state. If Caplan had done his homework a little more, he would realize that Lee Kuan Yew basically absolved Singapore of any local politics when he centralized governance after 1965. The politics of a country can be as multi-layered as the people or government determine to be the case, its physical size does not matter as much.

    I wasn't able to find the full text of Caplan's July 2009 paper that Shanmugan quotes extensively from, but I found this, this and this. I am going to try to contact Caplan since he is based at George Mason University, which is in the extended DC metropolitan area in northern Virginia. Watch this space.


  2. Shanmugan's long-winded defense of the Singapore press (or the lack of one) is light weight as it makes him as guilty of the kind of conflations he accuses the West of making when it comes to calling Singapore "undemocratic." Lee Kuan Yew and other ministers such as Lee Boon Yang, have in the past made no attempts to hide that the press is seen as an instrument of the state. The Newspaper and Printing Presses Act of 1974 states it rather plainly. And to think how Shanmugan could have avoided getting himself into an unnecessary hole if he had trusted a local Singaporean academic who has already systematically debunked the methodology of the RSF survey.

  3. The ahistoric nature of Shanmugan's (and Caplan's) arguments: Quoting somebody like Caplan, who based his writings on a few visits to Singapore and on what he perceives from his sanitized experience of Singapore, is akin to historical amnesia. A reading of Chua Beng Huat's 1995 book, Communitarian Ideology and Democracy in Singapore, would have situated everything into context. Although I highly doubt he would change his mind (given his intellectual lineage), it would be interesting to see if Caplan comes to the same conclusions after studying the historical evolution of the Singapore polity.

    To be fair, Shanmugan did situate his claims in history. But even if he wants to argue based on the PAP's version of Singapore history, I think it is only fair, for such an intellectual and learned person, to acknowledge that history is always contested. That for Lee Kuan Yew and company to have 'won' in the past, there had to be losers whose stories have been lost from the mainstream but have seen a small revival in academic circles, such as this online journal, s/pores - whose newest edition is coincidentally, on this very topic.

 

Nothing really new I guess. But I am just concerned that as the Singapore political and historical rhetoric gets spun and respun by successive generations, Singapore's collective sense of reality would dissipate and fragment if competing versions aren't heard by the masses. Memories are what binds communities together and all histories are constructed... but if the basis for any construction is too contrived and are insufficiently organic or authentic, then people would be disconnected from it all. I mean, don't you feel dizzy after being spun around all the time?



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Comments



by Bitter Singaporean@ SG
on 12/13/2009 10:20 pm

I can give you 50 reasons why I am not voting for PAP:

1. I want to buy a house without paying a Cash-Over-Value of $100,000

2. I don’t want to be accused of being fussy if I don’t want to live on the first floor or basement bomb shelter, or ulu ulu places like Kusu Island

3. I don’t want keep hearing that flats are “affordable” when I really cannot afford flats.

4. I don’t want to see foreigners flood our condos, HDB estates, MRT trains, buses, schools, EVERYWHERE

5. I don’t want to know about how ministers are getting lots of landed and prime property both local and overseas when I have trouble getting a 3-room flat.

6. I don’t want ministers who get multi-million dollar salaries when I do odd jobs and some months I don’t make more than $2,000.

Ministers in other countries may take bribes and embezzle. My ministers are smarter, they get more money claiming more MILLIONS in salary LEGALLY.

7. I don’t want to pay ERP just because foreigners’ cars are clogging my roads. Especially, when ERP do not solve congestion problems!!! We still have terrible traffic jams!

8. I don’t want to do NS and reservist to protect my country against foreign invaders when:
(A) I don’t have a house to protect
(B) I cannot afford to start a family to protect
(C) I have to protect foreigners and their property with my life when they run away during war.
(D) Foreigner PRs do not have to serve
(E) I get paid worse than a Bangala worker. To think that National Service needed people donation’s in 1967, after a year, it gathered S$ 3 million from Singaporeans when we were all so poor.


9. I do not want to see PRs and New citizens flashing their blue and pink ICs on their national days.

10. I do not want to see the shamelessness of importing foreign athletes and claims that Singapore won when a foreigner won. Oh yes, we pay these foreigners millions of dollars so that Singapore can claim that it won. WOW!

11. I do not want to hear jeering against the SG local soccer teams from foreigner spectators when we play against other countries IN OUR OWN COUNTRY!

12. I don’t want to pay 7% more for everything I buy in my whole life when the government gives my $200 in “compensation” handouts!

13. I want to see a local student being the top student. Not some China kid. Not hearing from ours kids that there is no point to work hard as some foreigner is going to squeeze them down inevitably.

14. When there is public curiosity, I expect my government (especially Law minister) to be transparent enough let us know about Temasek and HDB cost to build a flat, etc.

15. I want my country to be known as a COUNTRY. My country is NOT just a city like some idiot claims.

16. I don’t want LHL’s son to be the next succeeding prime minister.

17. I don’t like how China suckered us in the Suzhou park initiative and we still have to kiss their assess.

18. I cannot understand why local siblings cannot buy flats when foreigner PR siblings can buy flats.

19. Singles are not allowed to buy flats before 35? Are singles supposed to be forced into marriage just because of this? By the time singles reach 35, the flat prices will be higher by $100,000 to $300,000. These singles worked very hard to scrimp and save only to see savings ERODED away by inflation!

20. I do not want to read the paper when it is pro-PAP and there is major censorship and selective publishing and late publishing for what cannot be hidden.

21. I don’t want my life-savings to be belittled as the salt on the “peanuts”.

22. I don’t like it when my country’s reserves lost tens of billions of dollars and the PM’s wife can still head Temasek!

23. I want important national assets key to our security like power stations to BELONG to our country, not sold to foreigners.

24. I like to add hum to my mee siam by the way.

25. I want a president who actually DOES more. Not one which who I seek shakes hands, seldom speaks, does not even pardon and spare a 19-year-old kid his life. Not a president who kids confuse with Mas Selamat (Many kids who know Mas Selamat do not EVEN know Nathan)

26. I don’t want to have my next national day parade at the silly riverside place….AGAIN! How long does it take to make a stadium? We are a country but we don’t even have a national stadium?? How about loaning Malaysia’s Merdeka Stadium for Singapore’s National day?

27. I want job security. A contract for 1 or 2 years, Then look for work again. The cycle repeats. We have to worry for our jobs and livelihoods on a daily basis. When we are over 40 years old, who want us anymore? I might as well join the army as sign on. But wait, that is contract TOO!

28. I don’t want the next generation to suffer like me in university. I had to work part-time to support my uni fees in NUS, while foreign students get free uni education thanks to MOE PLUS $500 allowance every month. After that, NUS still has the cheek to call me up and ask me to donate to NUS. Why they need money? They lost hundreds of millions of endowment in the financial crisis. I can still remember working and saving for 3 months before I could afford a 2nd hand laptop.

29. I want to protest in the streets to voice my discontent without being put to jail by the ISA act or made bankrupt. For goodness sake, I don’t even dare to accept Singtel’s offer of giving me free 6 months internet if I switch from Starhub to Singtel, because I am scared that my IP address and my name will be blacklisted by the government. (considering Singtel’s afflictions with the govt)

30. I want an opposition party in power. Any opposition is welcome. As educated and smart as my current and soon-to-be-ex ministers may be, I want people who CARE and LISTEN. Even if it is a guy who had graduated from kindergarten would be welcomed if he cares.

31. Elites who have been born with a silver spoon, who never had trouble finding a job, who never had money difficulties, who never went hungry, who breezed through NS, do NOT deserve my respect nor should they be in the government. We need people who UNDERSTAND what it is like at the pits and bottom! Not some shortie who claims to understand hardship with a childhood living in 3-room flat but marries an angmoh and lives in a landed mansion.

32. I want a better electoral system! I don’t want WALK-OVERs again. Some of the seniors did not even get to vote ONCE in their whole lives. How is that democracy?

33. I want fairness. Is it a coincidence that certain estates under certain members of our government are especially well-cared for with upgrading etc incentives? Is this fair? Are residents of areas under the opposition similarly cared for? I quote a resident from Potong Pasir “the lifts here are so old and I can’t climb the flight of stairs to reach my place anymore.” I supposed the 60 year old aunty would be forced to vote for PAP to get new lifts.

34. I want a limit to the number of years the PM can hold office, so that as bad and as lousy as the PM is, we can at least have a chance to start afresh.

35. I want small quotas/ratios legislated for foreigners.

36. I want foreigners to be restricted to less than 20% of our population instead of 36%.

37. Horsie actually said that foreigner PRs were under-represented in HDB flats. Pah! No more than 2 flats in a block should be sold to PRs! Otherwise, how can the many old uncles and aunties have pocket money for retirement by renting out flats?

38. I want their CPF contribution percent to be much higher and that their CPF to be forfeited if they leave SG.

39. I want higher income taxes and property taxes for foreigners.

40. I want NS for foreigners.

41. Foreigners who bought HDB flats cannot be allowed to rent their flat out EVER!

42. I want the SGD to be moderated downwards! A higher SGD may benefit those who can afford to holiday overseas, those who are rich enough to send kids to overseas for studies, or PRs and foreigners when they remit money home. BUT overly high SGD deters investments into Singapore.

43. I want curbs on inflation. To that effect, we need to install restrictions on property speculation, raise reserve ratios in banks, and have more stringent criteria before loans are issued. AND OF COURSE, GST lower back to 3%

44. When foreign talent enters my country. I want these people to be REALLY foreign talent. I don’t want my country’s pink IC and PR to be handed out like toilet paper.

45. I want more heavily subsidized birth-delivery, child-care, pediatric health and education care to boost local numbers. If S.Korea can do it, why not us? The practice of replacement diminishing local numbers with foreigner number MUST STOP.

46. Instead of always saying Singapore does not have enough talent, will the government spend more money and effort in education and grooming the young? Every time they say that there is not enough of certain type of people, the government will import these people in masses and hordes.

47. I expect government-affiliated institutions to not indulge themselves with luxuries when other citizens have bread-butter problems:

When NTUC income unilaterally announced major cuts in its bonus for insurance-policy-holders, the MAS allowed this to happen. NTUC income claimed financial woes, but took HUNDREDS of agents to Australia for an exorbitant expense-paid holiday as they made the announcement earlier this year! Do they think about the widows and orphans when they dine fine with wine?

At first I could not believe NTUC Income to be capable of this, then I checked on the web and saw the NTUC CEO hugging 2 BIKINI girls and drinking champagne in Australia too.
(i) ms-my.facebook.com/photo.php?pid=1550459&id=36541001838&ref=mf

(ii) ms-my.facebook.com/photo.php?pid=1549575&id=36541001838&ref=mf

48. I expect the MAS to protect citizens financially too:

When thousands of investors lost their life savings in the mini-bond fiasco, where was the government? Unlike the Hong Kong government which had exerted pressure on its local banks to compensate a minimum sum to its minibond holders, the Singapore authorities chose to stay out of the matter.. MM even chided Singapore investors for “walking in with their eyes open” and therefore did not deserve a compensation. (from TemasekReview 1 Dec)

49. I have 1 more issue with the state Media Press. HOW can they publish photos of people suspected of crimes when they have not EVEN been convicted? Imagine the tarnishing to the poor suspect’s reputation if he were innocent! It is not as if the guy can sue ST and get $400,000 in defamation compensation.

50. Anyone can give the 50th reason? Come on my fellow locals. If I can say so much, you can at least say something! Few thousand people viewing this article and so little comments?





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